Churn



(No Modem I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. B. FARRAR.

l CHUM.

No. 455,189. Patented June 30,1891.

jf'ledwzrfar W'. B. FARRAR.

A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

CHURN.

(No Model.)

No. 455,189. Patented June 30, 1891.

j vmlarzw: y v I dan/W dgl A UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM B. FARRAR, OF GREENSBOROUGH, NORTH CAROLINA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.-455,189, dated June 30,1891.

' Application inea March 16,1891. serial 1a. 385,258. (no model.)

To all wwm it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. FARRAR, a citizen of the United States,residing at Greensborough, in the county of Guilford and State of NorthCarolina, have invented new and useful Improvements in Churns, of whichthe following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved vibratory churnthat will be capable of being easily operated and not liable to get outof order; and to this end the invention consists in the construction andcombination of parts in a churn, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section ofmyy improved churn. Fig. 2 is a section on the line w w of Fig. 1,looking upward. Fig. 3 is a plan of the bench. Fig. 4 is a bottom-planof the churn-body. Fig. 5 is a view of the outer and inner covers. Fig.6 is a view of the crossbar, the breakers, and the central shaft, theparts being separated from each other; and Fig. 7 is a view of a notchedstick for trying the butter.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 11 designates a bench having legsor supports 2, connected by a longitudinal bar 3, to which is pivotedthe lower end of a lever 4, that is extended up through a longitudinalslot 5, formed in said bench. To the under side of the bench,near oneend,is secured a depending bracket 6, havin g at its lower end a socketor step bearing 7, in which is supported the lower end of a verticalshaft 8, that is extended through the bench. The bracket G' is firmlyattached to the bench l by screw-bolts 9 or otherwise. On the upper endof the vertical shaft S above the bench is rigidly secured an angularsomewhat tapering block or lug lO, that is adapted to closely engage anangular tapering socket 11 in a casting 12, secured to the under side ofthe churn-body 13, which maybe of any suitable form. On the verticalshaft S is secured a pinion 14, that is engaged with the teeth or cogsof a rack-bar 15, supported horizontally insuitable guides 16, securedto the under side of the bench. This rack-bar 15 is connected with thelever 4 by means of a pitman or connecting-rod 17, and the parts are soarranged that at each throw of the lever the churn is vibrated or rockedon its vertical axis to the extent of about a turn and a half, so as toVstart the cream in opposite directions at each stroke of the lever` andeffect its agitation with the requisite degree of force and suddenness.The churnsocket 11 and the block or lug 10 engaged therein, being bothtapered, as above mentioned, have a tight fit that will at all times iwithstand the strain of the vibrations to which In order to cushion thevibrations of thelever 4 and lessen the labor of the operator,

a reacting coiled spring 1S is arranged diago` nally or in a verticalinclined position at each end of the slot 5, in which said lever works.These coiled springs 18 may be supported in sockets or recesses 19 ateach end of the slot 5 and be secured therein by disks or washers 2Oplaced between two end coils of the spring and fastened by screws 21, orotherwise, and by semicircular caps 22 placed over the attached ends ofthe springs and secured to the bench. On the opposite sides of the lever4 are secured pads 23, of leather or other suitable material, thatstrike against the reacting springs 18 at the end of each forward andback movement of the lever, and so obviate jar or strain and lessen thelabor of the operator.

Vithin the churn-body 13,0n opposite sides, are breakers 24, whichconsist of vertical bars 25, having at their lower ends studs or tenons26, that fit into recesses or sockets in the bottom of the churn andprovided on their outer sides with. similar studs or tenons 27, thatenter recessesor sockets in the sides of the churn. These breakers areeach provided with a series of horizontal arms or pins 28, that arerectangular, or approximately so, in cross-section and so arranged thattheir corners or edges will split the cream both ways.

In the center of the churn is a shaft 29, having at its lower end a studor tenonBO, that enters a socket or recessinthe inside of thechurn-bottom. About the center of this shaft 29 is a slot'31, and abovethis slot the shaft 29 is bored longitudinally to receive a tube 32,which is open at both ends and projects above said shaft and beyond thechurn-body,

Ico

as shown. As this tubc 32 communicates at its lower end with the shaft31 and extends at its other en d beyond the churn-bod y, it serves togive ventilation to the churn-contents and permits warm and cold .waterto be added to the cream or milk at any time while churning is going onand without requiring removal of the churn-cover. After the breakers 24and shaft 29 have been placed in position they are further secured by across-bar 33, having a central opening 34, which passes over the tube 32and provided at its ends with notches 35, that engage the upper ends ofthe breakers 24, so that by removing said cross-bar the breakers andshaft 29 can be withdrawn whenever required. On the cross-bar 33 issupported an innertin cover 36, havinga central opening37 to pass overthetube 32 and provided on top with lugs 3S about one-half inch inheight. Above this inner cover and resting on the lugs 3S is an outerwooden cover 39, which is also provided witha central opening 40 forthepassage ofthetube32,andbeingseparated from the inner coverbyasuitable space equal to the height of the lugs 33, any splash of milkis prevented from striking the said outer cover, thus obviatingliability to leaks and assistingin keeping the outer top or cover clean.The outer top or cover 39 is preferably made of two pieces of wood,grain-crossed and securely riveted together, so as to prevent warping.On the top of this cover are two staples 41, to assist in lifting thecover out by a suitable prying implement when necessary. lVhen the outercover 39 is in place it is secured by a spring-clamp 42, preferablyformed of a bail-shaped piece of wire bent to rest on the cover near itscenter, and its ends then turned down and forced into recesses 43 in theouter sides of the churnbody. This clamp will hold the cover 3!)securely, and can readily be removed by bearing down on its top portionnear the rim of the churn-body and then prying out its ends from therecesses 43 by means of a suitable tool.

At the end of the supporting-bench 1, adjacent to the churn-body, is astandard 44, to which is pivoted an arm 45, that may be secured in ahorizontal position by a screw bolt or pin 4G, so as to project abovethe churnbody. In the end of this arm 45 is a vertical perforation 47,the lower end of which, for about half the length of said hole orperforation, is reamed out to receive the upper end of the tube 32,thereby forming in said perforation a shoulder that rests on thc upperend of the tube, while the remainder of said perforations, or its upperportion, has a diameter that is only equal to the internal diameter ofthe tube. The standard 44 and the arm 45 when turned to a horizontalposition, in which it is engaged with the tub nlar bearing 32 andsecured by the pin 4G thus serve to assist in holding the churn inposition while it is being vibrated by the movements of the lever 4 andthe connected rack-and-pinion gearing, as before described. Theperforation 47 and engaged tube 32, which communicatcs'with the slot ofthe shaft 29 also serve asa veutilating-passage for the churn, and willpermit the insertion of a funnel 48 for the passage of fluid into thechurn or the introduction of a cylindrical stick or tryer 49, havingnotches 50 in its lower portion,wherc by to ascertain when the butterhas come without requiring removal of the churn-covers. By withdrawingthe pin or bolt 4G the arm 45 can be raised and readily disengaged fromthe tube 32 to permitthe opening of the churn and removal of itscontents.

In working the churn the operator takes his seat on the bench 1 andgrasping the lever 4 pushesv and pulls it against the reacting-springs13, thereby vibrating the churn through the rack-and-pinion gearinguntil in a short while the operation of making butter will be completed.

"What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination of a bench having alongitudinal slot, a vibratory churn supported on said bench, a bracketsecured to the under side of the bench, a vertical shaft stepped in saidbracket and extended through the bench and detachably engaged with thebottom of the churn-body, a pinion on said shaft, a rack engaged withsaid pinion and supported in guides on the under side of-the bench, alever pivoted to the lower part of the bench and extended through theslot in said bench, and a connecting-rod between the rack and lever,substantially as described.

2. The combination of a bench having a longitudinal slot, a vibratorychurn-body supported on said benclna rack-and-pinion gearing forxfibrating the churn-body, a lever extended through the slot in thebench and connected with the rack, and reacting springs supported at theopposite ends of the slot in position to be struck by the lever at theend of each stroke, substantially as described.

The combination of a bench having a longitudinal slot, a vibratorychurn-body supported on said bench, a rack-and-pinion gearing foivibrating the churn-body, a lever extended through the slot in the benchand connected with the rack, pads or cushions on the opposite sides ofthe lever, and reacting coiled springs supported at the opposite endsofthe slot in position to be struck by said pads and react on the leverat the end of each stroke, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the bench l, the bracket O, having step-bearing 7,the vertical shaft 8, having a lug 1() on its upper end, the vibratorychurn-body 13, having on its lower end a socket 11 to receive the lug10, the pinion 14 on the shaft 3, the rack 15, supported in horizontalguides 1G on the under sido of the bench, the lever 4, and theconnectingrod 17, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the bench 1, having a longitudinal slot 5, thevibratory churn-body 13, the rack-and-pinion gearing, the lever 4,

IOO

ITO

connected with said gearing, the reacting coiled springs 18, and theWashers 2O and caps 22, that secure said springs at opposite ends of theslot 5, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a vibratory chu rnbody, of breakers 24, securedto opposite sides of the churn-body and having arms 28, the centralshaft 29, secured to the churn-body and provided at or near the middleof its length with a transverse slot 31, an air-tube 32, extending'axially into the shaft and terminating at the transverse slot, and thecrossbar 33, engaging the air-tube and having its extremities connectedwith the breakers, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the vibratory lVlLLlAM B. FARRAR.

lVitnesses:

AR. W. MURRAY,

A. H. GALLAWAY.

